MOS theory – input, output characteristics of NMOS & PMOS, second order effects. NMOS inverter withresistive load, enhancement NMOS load, depletion NMOS load, Pseudo-NMOS load. CMOS inverter,MOSFET modeling – GATE capacitances, SPICE parameters. CMOS fabrication process overview of N-well, twin-well, silicon on insulator processing technology. Spice simulation of logic gates and analysis,Layout & design rules, Latch-up, NMOS, CMOS logic gates – combinational logic circuits.. CMOSsequential logic circuits. Pass transistor logic & Transmission gates. Introduction to CAD tools – (Demo onMagic), Extraction, Circuit elements resistance, capacitance estimation. Switching characteristics. DelayModels, power dissipation, Interconnect delay, Timing analysis, charge sharing, scaling of MOS transistordimensions, Pseudo-NMOS logic, Dynamic logic, Domino Logic, Clocked systems, Latches, Flipflops,Memory Architecture, ROMs, SRAM, DRAM memory elements, address decoders., System levelperspective, switch level simulation (IRSIM), LVS using Netgen